Training scheme, also called programming, is a gradual and complex process during which the multidisciplinary analysis of the athlete and the discipline trained is conducted, on the basis of which the actual training program is designed and the training realized and controlled. The programming process consists of two main stages:

Theoretical stage – the analysis of the athlete and their discipline, establishing the training’s goals together with the selection of the most adequate methods end exercises, and the designing of the training programme. The first step of the theoretical stage is the athlete’s analysis which includes:

• the state of the organism – defined by the level of performance, that is to say the level of fitness with regard to the sport athletes do,
• the abilities of the organism – defined on the basis of the state of the organism; they represent the potential abilities of the body’s adaptation to the training load,
• the predispositions of the organism – defined, among others, on the basis of the body composition – define which motoric parameters will be more easily trained with regard to the body structure,
• athlete’s technical and tactical skills,
• time the athlete can devote to training.

Then a given discipline is analyzed from the point of view of:

• motoric parameters – determining of the main motoric parameters the improvement of which will vitally influence the sport result,
• main motoric parameters – determining which motoric parameter is the most desired with regard to sport’s result.
• sensory-motor habits’ structures.
• techniques and tactics.
• availability of sports facilities that enable development of focused motoric base, technique and tactic’s formation.

The athlete and the sport’s analysis provide the information basis which constitutes the criterion for determining the training goals. The determination of the training goals which has to be achieved by trainings included in the training program enables the selection of proper methods and training means which will enable reaching the assumed goals; it is the determination of the training goals which enables the design of the actual plan of actions. The last step of the theoretical stage is to plan the proper control during the practical stage, which will enable the monitoring of the athlete’s progress and will be the basis for modification of the training plan in case of stagnation of achievements.

Practical stage – the period of focused actions realizing the training plan. From the athlete’s point of view it is the time of the training, as for the coach it is the time of running the training according to the assumed plan and adjusting the program when the monitoring of the training process proves it necessary.

The last step of the practical stage is the assessment test, which is to show the adaptation changes in the athlete’s body which are the effects of the training, and to determine to what extent those changes achieve the training goals. The test is also the starting point for the next training program, that is to say it constitutes feedback which is a base for the theoretical stage of the next training planning.